Gangues and Clays Minerals as Rate-Limiting Factors in Copper Heap Leaching: A Review

Heap leaching is a firm extractive metallurgical technology facilitating the economical processing of different kinds low-grade ores that are otherwise not exploited. Nevertheless, regardless much development since it was first used, process advantages restricted by low recoveries and long extraction times. It becoming progressively clear selection heap as an appropriate to specific mineral resource both environmentally sound economically feasible very relies on having ample understanding essential underlying mechanisms processes how they interrelate with mineralogy ore body under concern. This paper provides critical overview role gangues clays minerals rate-limiting factors in copper operations. We aim assess deliver detailed descriptions discussions relations between their impacts operational parameters chemical dynamics processes.